Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Associate professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Soicial Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
2
Assistant professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Soicial Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
3
M.A. student of Sociology, Faculty of Soicial Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/scart.2025.140418.1435
Abstract
Gender emotional stereotypes are social constructs that, regardless of the context in which they arise, have a significant impact on individuals' positions in social hierarchy and daily life. The aim of this article is to address the emotional dimension of gender stereotypes, analyze the attitudes of women and men towards this issue, and study the differences between the sexes in expressing emotions during various emotional situations. In order to achieve this, theories from the sociology of emotions (cultural, structural, and desire control perspectives) were used, which have a gendered approach. In the methodological section, a combined (sequential exploratory) method was used in two qualitative phases (semi-deep and semi-structured interviews) and quantitative (survey using a researcher-made questionnaire). After extracting gender stereotypes about the emotions of the two sexes from 15 interviews, the findings were presented to 200 respondents in the form of 8 dimensions of positive and negative emotions. The research findings indicate that women and men show the same reaction when expressing negative emotions (sadness, anger, fear, and jealousy) and positive emotions (joy, kindness, love, and loyalty). Gender analysis and comparison between the two groups of men and women showed that women only scored higher than men in anger and rage and the overall average, and this difference was significant. However, in other dimensions of emotions, there was no significant difference between the two groups, or, as in the dimension of happiness and kindness, despite the significant difference between the two groups, their scores were lower than those of men and the overall average. Women also described their same-sex partners in terms of five traits: emotional, dependent, fearful, jealous, and kind. Women considered men weak in expressing love, aggressive, power-seeking, independent, and proud. Men also described their same-sex partners with traits such as independent, power-seeking, proud, weak in expressing love, and aggressive, and they considered women to be emotional, dependent, fearful, jealous, and stubborn.
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